The Possible Relationship Between Bipolar Disorder And...

The possible relationship between Bipolar disorder and violence has been a controversy and dispute as well as the focus of extensive research. This paper is focused on what bipolar disorder is and how to prevent violence. Bipolar disorder is a severe and a mental illness. A mental illness refers to a wide range of mental health conditions — disorders that affect your mood, thinking and behavior. Examples of mental illness include depression, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, eating disorders and addictive behaviors (Staff, 2015). If this illness is not attended to, it can create a high risk of criminal acts. Bipolar disorder otherwise known as, manic-depression illness of the brain can form two different types of bipolar. Per which disorder, each has the opposite effects both includes; extreme mood swings highs and lows. Symptoms of Bipolar I, or rather Manic Bipolar, are little need for sleep, constantly hyper, too talkative, and mind races. Other times one diagnosed with this disorder may feel extremely sad, empty, worthless, and unsure of one’s self. Bipolar disorder II, known as depressant bipolar, the person may feel an unbearable amount of sadness, worthless, need for more sleep; however, they are still able to obtain the â€Å"high† at times, which would increase these moods cheerful, energetic, and feels as if they can do anything in the world (Bauer 11). About one in every seventy people in the United Stated is diagnosed with bipolar. It usually begins to first effectShow MoreRelatedMechanisms Addiction Reviews The Strong Relationship Between Bipolar And Substance Use Disorders1280 Words   |  6 Pagesstrong relationship between bipolar and substance-use disorder Mechanisms and treatment implications Bipolar disorder and substance-use disorders commonly occur in the same individual. In fact, bipolar disorder has a higher prevalence of substance-use disorders than any other psychiatric illness. Individuals with both disorders have a more severe course of bipolar disorder, including earlier onset, more frequent episodes, and more complications, including anxiety- and stress-related disorders, aggressiveRead MoreManaging Bipolar Disorder Essay1266 Words   |  6 Pageswhy. Im not crazy, Im just a little unwell. I know, right now you cant tell, but stay awhile and maybe then youll see a different side of me. –Matchbox 20, Unwell (Thomas, 2003) Those who suffer from bipolar disorder experience constant ups and downs. The APA defines bipolar disorder as â€Å"recurrent episodes of mania alternating with episodes of major depression† (Griswold, 2000). Mania is an overexcited mood, often characterized by an unrealistic, optimistic state, excess energy, and insomniaRead MorePsychology, Existential And Cognitive Behavioral Therapy1727 Words   |  7 PagesAs well depending on one’s environment, particularly their home environment many pathologies can develop. It is possible that someone who grows up in an inner city neighborhood surrounded by violence and the possibility of death just by being in that neighborhood, could develop post-traumatic stress disorder. If a child grows up in a home where the mom and dad has healthy relationships with friends and family members it is very likely that child will grow up with the ability to comfortably make friendsRead MoreThe Link between Animal Cruelty and Society1041 Word s   |  4 PagesThe Link between Animal Cruelty and Society â€Å"The question is not, Can they reason? nor, Can they talk? but Can they suffer?† ― Jeremy Bentham, The Principles of Morals and Legislation. As a society we have come to see animal cruelty as a heinous crime, and that’s great progress. However, not everyone is following the notion. Animal cruelty is still very prevalent, and sadly its abhorrent results are often neglected and overlooked. Although it isn’t always to the same extent of atrocious consequencesRead MoreCaring for a Patient with Bipolar Disorder1992 Words   |  8 Pagespatient with bipolar I disorder. Keltner (2011) describes bipolar I disorder as â€Å"the most significant of these disorders. The patient experiences swings between manic episodes and major depression† (p. 291). According to Murphy (2006), â€Å"bipolar disorder can be like a roller-coaster, with exciting ‘highs’ and very frightening downhill plunges† (p. 58). Most patients are more likely to seek help when they are depressed or feel ‘bad;’ therefore, Goossens (2007) determi nes bipolar disorder is frequentlyRead MoreChildhood Illness : A Look At Postpartum Depression1538 Words   |  7 Pagesan extreme and rare case of maternal mental illness, it provides insight into a disorder that could potentially become life-threatening if left untreated. Sandra showed signs of a serious case of Postpartum depression, that eventually led her to have a fatal psychotic episode. While postpartum depression in itself is not extremely uncommon; it affects approximately 10% of childbearing women and may begin anywhere between 14 hours to several months after delivery (Epperson, 1999), it is still difficultRead MoreBorderline Personality Disorder ( Bpd )1618 Words   |  7 PagesBorderline Personality Disorder (BPD) Borderline Personality Disorder Borderline personality disorder is defined in the DSM IV, a manual used by psychiatrists to diagnose all mental disorders, as an AXIS II disorder which has symptoms of impulsively and emotional dysregulation (Livesley 146). A person with BPD have feelings of abandonment and emptiness, and have frantic efforts to avoid abandonment, going to extremes to keep someone from leaving (Burger 300). He or she is emotionally unstableRead MoreEssay on Borderline Personality Disorder1604 Words   |  7 PagesBorderline personality disorder is defined in the DSM IV, a manual used by psychiatrists to diagnose all mental disorders, as an AXIS II disorder which has symptoms of impulsively and emotional dysregulation (Livesley 146). A person with BPD has feelings of abandonment and emptiness, and has frantic efforts to avoid abandonment, going to extremes to keep someone from leaving (Burger 300). He or she is emotionally unstable and forms intense but unstable interpersonal relationships. They sho w impulsiveRead More Bipolar Disorder Essay1902 Words   |  8 PagesBipolar Disorder The severe mood fluctuations of bipolar or manic-depressive disorders have been around since the 16-century and affect little more than 2% of the population in both sexes, all races, and all parts of the world (Harmon 3). Researchers think that the cause is genetic, but it is still unknown. The one fact of which we are painfully aware of is that bipolar disorder severely undermines its victims ability to obtain and maintain social and occupational success. Because the symptomsRead MoreBi Polar Disorder (Psychological Disorders - Manic Depression)1947 Words   |  8 Pagesfluctuations of bipolar or manic-depressive disorders have been around since the 16-century and affect little more than 2% of the population in both sexes, all races, and all parts of the world (Harmon 3). Researchers think that the cause is genetic, but it is still unknown. The one fact of which we are painfully aware of is that bipolar disorder severely undermines its victims ability to obtain and maintain social and occupational success. Because the symptoms of bipolar disorder are so debilitation

VIOLENCE IN THE MEDIA Essay - 782 Words

Violence in the Media Violence has been a part of society ever since the days of the caves men, but only recently has television lifted its ban on the graphic depiction of violence. American children and adolescents are being exposed to increasing amounts of media violence, especially in television, movies, video games, and youth-oriented music. Video game violence, childrens cartoons, and music lyrics have become increasingly graphic. In movies, action films depict vivid precise murders, rapes, and assaults; with each sequel, the number of deaths increases dramatically. Although media violence is not the only cause of violence in American society, it is the single most easily remediable contributing factor. It is these social networks†¦show more content†¦This is all because it was exposed at a time when socialization was most vulnerable. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;There are many Psychological concepts that contribute to people’s deviance such as their personality, containment, and also through learning, which is observation of others. Television violence influences behavior through observational learning, by reducing social constraints, and by arousing aggressive tendencies. External social control is the attempt of others to control one’s behavior, however, it may not be just control but also influence. Although the viewer may not blindly mimic violent acts portrayed on television, although it is all possible, many factors can contribute to what dictates a viewers actions. One method by which the media may promote violence is through imitation. Imitation includes more than simply applying a crime technique the criminal learned by watching television. Fictional treatments of crime can inspire and empower potential criminals. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Every hour there are 9.7 acts of violence on T.V. and another 21.3 alone are cartoons. As children watching the competition the coyote had with the roadrunner from Looney Tunes, which always resulted in a violent attempt from the coyote to stop the roadrunner, does not teach that in a sense competition can be healthy. Instead it turns to violence as a way ofShow MoreRelatedMedia Violence And The Media Essay864 Words   |  4 PagesExposure to the media violence may be especially problematic in late adolescence. Television and other media play a major role in adolescent socialization and identity development by providing perspectives, values, ideologies, and behavior models (Arnett G., Roberts D. et al.). The socializing role of television in particular may be ampliï ¬ ed by the large amount of time young people spend with this medium. Speciï ¬ cally, 18- to 24-year-olds spend more time watching television and movies than youngerRead MoreMedia, Violence, And Violence Essay1892 Words   |  8 Pageswould be the media. Media and violence are both very wide and broad concepts that have massive impacts in our society, and it is important to distinguish their relationship with each other. The types of media are things such as violent video games, films, newspapers, magazines and television. One particular type of media that is often very problematized is violent video games. Different studies have shown convincing and unconvincing correlational in regards to the media and violence, but to whomRead MoreMedia, Violence, And Violence Essay1949 Words   |  8 Pageswould be the media. Media and violence are both very wide and broad concepts that have massive impacts in our society, and it is important to distinguish their relationship with each other. The types of media are things such as violent video games, films, newspapers, magazines and television. One particular type of media that is often very problematized is violent video games. D ifferent studies have shown convincing and unconvincing correlational in regards to the media and violence, but to whomRead MoreViolence in the Media1047 Words   |  5 Pagesa law that bans violence in the media: in movies, on TV, in video games, and on the Internet? Adi Shimony Golden Gate University Today, media take a major part of our lives, shape our society and create reality.  The Banning violence in the media is an efficient approach the government should take to handle the growing violence in our society. I argue that the US Government should make a law that bans violence in the media. The law needs to limit broadcasting of violence content at timesRead MoreMedia Violence1105 Words   |  5 Pages Censorship of Violence in Popular Entertainment is NOT Justified â€Å"When I was at church they taught me something else/ If you preach hate at the service those words arent anointed/ That holy water that you soak in has been poisoned/ When everyone else is more comfortable remaining voiceless/ Rather than fighting for humans that have had their rights stolen/ I might not be the same, but thats not important/ No freedom till were equal, damn right I support it.† These are lyrics from a songRead MoreMedia Violence1535 Words   |  7 Pagesat looking at the potentially harmful effects of the consumption of violent media and the impact it has on psychological factors. Two psychological factors that have been researched are empathy and aggression and how violent media influences these two emotions. Theories that have tried explaining the pathway from the viewing of violence in media and the impact on aggression have generally focused on the role of violent media being used by consumers as observational learning and promoting the developmentRead MoreMedia Violence1142 Words   |  5 Pagesbeen calculated that American kids see about 200,000 acts of violence and 25,000 murders on television by the time they reach age eighteen. (Schleifer 18) Arrests of people under the age of eighteen for violent crimes rose forty-seven percent from 1988 to 1992. (Miller 174) The American Medical Associ ation conducted a study that found a direct relationship between viewing and homicide. (Miller 176) Does this kind of overexposure to violence have a significant effect on children and teenagers? The answerRead MoreMedia Violence9754 Words   |  40 Pagesare among the greatest of imitatorsÂ… The debate over media violence has eluded definitive answers for more then three decades. At first glance, the debate is dominated by one question. Whether or not media violence causes real life violence and whether or not it has a negative effect of the modern day Canadian family. Closer examination reveals a political battle. On one hand, there are those who blame media violence for societal violence and want to censor violent content to protect our childrenRead MoreThe Violence Of The Media2018 Words   |  9 Pagesit was intended. With so many media outlets present in everyday life, it is not hard to imagine there being many concerns regarding violence in the media. This essay looks to explore why there is concerns regarding violence in the media, focusing on the glorification of violence. The essay will also look at the different types of media outlets, i.e. the music industry, film, television, internet and gaming, and how each of them may present a glorification of violence. The essay will look at the caseRead MoreMedia Violence And Crime Violence1168 Words   |  5 PagesMedia Violence and Crimes There are few debates that have been contentious for so long as the debate of whether violent medias contribute meaningfully to crimes. Because of the majority of shooting events committed by younger shooters, many politicians regard cultural effects as a potential contributing factor, while others dismiss media as a contributing factor. Within the social science community, a similar division exists (Ferguson, 2015). For example, some professional supporting groups, like

Diagnostic Models And Treating Of Markets †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Diagnostic Models And The Treating Of Markets. Answer: Introduction It is quite normal to get depressed. In a given study of over two hundred and forty teachers, the questionnaires in place supported the fact that depression is a broad lowering of someones mood. In some instances, it is accompanied by guilt, despondency and a feeling of helplessness. A depressed person is one who has little or no self-esteem or regard for oneself whatsoever. This is the exact ubiquitous occurrence of this depressed mood (Kato, Sakai, Watanabe Nomura, 2017). A reduced threshold for the diagnosis of clinical depressions results in the treatment of the usual emotional states to be like an illness. This has always challenged the credibility and the risk of any inappropriate kind of management. In the recent years, the first antidepressants were developed, but the manufacturer was very reluctant to advertise the product. The reason given by the manufacturer was that very insufficient numbers of people suffered from depression. The antidepressant drug at that time had the bigger share in the drug market (Zimmerman, 2017). Over diagnosis though is seen through the absence of reliable diagnostic models and the treating of markets above the possible expectations. Debate identification and my position In about five decades ago, the element of clinical depression was taken to be very endogenous or reactive. This was either melancholic or neurotic. The endogenous kind of depression meant that it resulted out of a biological condition that had a lower lifetime prevalence. On the other hand, the reactive depression was regarded to be exogenous. These are those who were induced by the various stressful kind of events that affected those susceptible personalities as per Rogers Mintzker, 2016. The psychiatric association had developed a revision of the diagnosis and statistics for about three times now which later turned out to be a reliable system. The organization split the types of clinical depression differently into major and minor kind of disorders. The major depression term provided it with its gravitas that meant as per the clinicians the depression caused many unreliable allocations. This assisted the patients in getting covered through insurance policies. The profile is quite descriptive, but it assisted in prioritizing the sad features like the disturbance of the psychomotor and other operational kinds of criteria that resulted in weak inference order. Current kind of looseness does not matter whether different types of diagnostics have met the threshold to destigmatize depression or to motivate people to seek out for help and allow for clinical assessing. The programs on breast screening caused the detection of malignant kind of lumps. But the wrong results gathered from breast screening were then filtered out through a refined analysis that showed the process was harmless(Mojtabai, 2013). False positive detection meant that the depression of psychiatrists was mandated for treatment that said several less severe conditions. This raised hope for the results sequentially, ineffectively and inappropriately during their treatment. The ease of labeling a clinical depression diagnosis has been categorized as a major depression matter that rebounds on psychiatry and blunt clarification of the cause and treatment specified. Several people have argued that there has been an overdiagnosis that is defined by major depression. This demonstrates that there has several coherent patterns of the biological alterations and particular patterns. In my analysis, the meta-analyses depict a striking resemblance that favors the antidepressant drugs for melancholic depression. These trials for major depression illustrate little distinctions between the antidepressant kinds of drugs. They further show the kind of evidence that relies on psychotherapy and placebo. I believe that the importance of treating minor sub-syndromic depressions is quite not clear (Stephenson, Karanges McGregor, 2013). Additionally, I believe that the extrapolation of the management had tougher implications biologically than the minor symptoms. This is stated by the fact that reflects the prowess of marketing but not the evidence. Smaller scale events behave differently from the bigger size ones. In my view, depression deserves a mere diagnosis that remains to be unspecified until sense creates the present confusion to some order. In reality, nobody who is straight and not confused can fully comprehend the situation at hand. Historical, scientific and philosophical debate This section shows the relevant historical and philosophical and scientific background of the debate. Caveats and concerns show that the people benefitted from psychological treatment as evident by the adult population. The community benefitted from getting concerned and focusing on the importance of psychological approaches applied in first-time treatment(Lorenzo-Luaces, 2015).The adult population is the ones who suffer the most from these severe disorder which is an overall response to this motivating element of treating motivation. Upon examining the prescriptions carefully, the health patterns were promoted by the antidepressant prescribed that grew profoundly in the 1990s. Currently, antidepressant drugs have decreased in their prescriptions of lesser desired sedatives. There has been an adoption of dangerous tricyclic antidepressants and inhibitors. The primary cause of this is the huge concerns from the regulations that have promoted the rise in prescriptions of newer drugs that have lesser evidence that may not harm a big number of the people. The major injury has been evident from the suicidal statistics that arise from getting a diagnosis through a life-threatening condition which includes depression. However, it is a practice of some nations like UK, New Zealand, and Australia not to support the depression notion (Morgan Zimmerman, 2015). Overdiagnosis and exclusive treatment of depression have considerably been on the rise. The wider community is at large to inquire the importance of increased diagnosis of treatment over the past decades that has raised above the potential harm. In the event of improved treatment causing demonstrable reliance and becomes cost-effective, then the aspect of depression would not get over-diagnosed (Trimmer, Higginson, Fawcett, McNamara Houston, 2015). As seen in a health and economic angle, clear answers may be given. Apparently more adults tend to be alive and very well. This allows for their full and timely treatment. A rise in the treating of depression causes a reduction in suicides and improved productivity. The ability to access the right healthcare both medically and psychologically is important. A rise in the diagnosis rate has led to the rise of other benefits and improved life assurance access. Stigma has also subsided meaning the health impediments have been reduced to raise the health benefits. The increase in physical health results lowered alcohol consumption, and misuse of drugs has made the public comprehension to be way below unlike before (Lawrence, Rasinski, Yoon Curlin, 2015). In the past, we did not carry forth the virtue of demeaning labels about stress and nervous breakdown. Many doctors may simply differentiate the usual melancholy and distress from austere clinical matters. There has been a newer wave that talks about neurobiology, genetics and psych sociology (Copeland, Wolke, Shanahan Costello, 2015). Through intervening in people, the internet has created a wider appeal to the people all over. Social psychiatrists have renewed their focus on the determinants of the society and their preventive tests. The many reforms in the health system emphasized the utilization of collaborative kind of teams that delivered improved quality interventions. Contemporary challenges The critical discussion section relates to the modern day difficulties linked to the aspect of diagnosing depression. The determination of the case relies on dimensional constructs that need to be imposed as a cut-off to risk off underdiagnosis of the real cases. Many participants in the cohort attained the criteria for a major, minor and even a sub syndrome kinds of depression. It has been found to be very necessary lately to redress the element of psychiatric weights of sadness and dimensional model risks (Reid, Cameron MacGillivray, 2014). Human distress and the view of different expressions of this depression results in a mandated treatment. Most people have been substantive enough in this clinical depression factor that has no proper condition of the diagnosis that implies if the depression has been underdiagnosed or otherwise. In the event of this boundary matters, the diagnosis needs the attention of a hyperactivity disorder that has missed the false diagnosis in kids of disr uptive behaviors. Substantive personal, demographic, professional and geographical system led to barriers remaining in place. The result of this diagnosis is a reduction of major depressions which cause severe disorders to the people present at most times. These are those people who seek to avoid harming themselves. Critics have since reassured the findings of reduced recognition that must be ensured that is concerning enough. Many mental disorders begin before one attains twenty-five years of age and result in lifetime reduction in productivity and the quality of our lives (Partridge, Lucke Hall, 2014). The best chances for altering the depression diagnosis course emanate both early and before secondary medication. The healthcare, educational and social comorbidities would develop after that. A continued depression may have particular and enduring impacts on the structure of the brain. This results in cognitive functions that must be responded to modern trends. Contemporary psychiatry creates a need for the combination of early interventions and perspectives for staging the clinics. This helps in improving the care for cancer. A rise in the rates of diagnosis yield a balanced move to better overtly dimensional kind of models that brings about little or no reliance on these therapies(Copeland, Wolke, Shanahan Costello, 2015).Such therapies are those having less or not critical forms at the initial stage of the illness. There must clear evidence that there has been no care that was offered to a person during his/her childhood years in line with the present state of psychological diso rder to warrant primary kind of attention. This supports the public promotions by analyzing the benefits of increased dimensional models. Connection and nursing practice impacts This section analyzes the linkage between the problem and the impact of thesenursing practices. The aspect of overdiagnosis apparently matters. The contemporary looseness relies on how little the diagnostic level can get destigmatized through depression. This is possible through the encouragement of the other people asking for help. The program of breast screening can cause the detection of unique malignant lumps. False positives outcomes that are generated from such screening may be filtered through the refinement of assessment and harmful nature that tend to occur rarely. These are the people who would term it to be quite ineffective and inappropriate. People have always argued against overdiagnosis in the sense that depression does not show any coherence in its patterns of the biological changes and other specific treatment modalities (DAvanzato Zimmerman, 2017). From the element of meta-analyses, the gradient appears very similar to the antidepressant kind of drugs that allows for placebo sad depression. These trials as seen by major depressions depict very inferior variances between antidepressants and the evidence that psychotherapy requires. The importance of treating this minor depression is entirely unclear. The extrapolation by management brings about severe biological elements that have minor symptoms reflecting the prowess of marketing more than the evidence generated. In the daily lives that we live, it is quite normal to get depressed. Conclusion In summary, it is very normal to feel depressed. However, minimal levels of clinical depressions result in normal and human emotional states. These countries can lead to illnesses that challenge the credibility of models and their incorrect kind of management. Depression has since remained to be a non-specific diagnosis that can catch just about anyone not unless common sense starts prevailing. The manner in which this diagnosis can be clinically depressed and rebounded rely on psychiatric and blunt clarification of the factors causing it and their particular treatment. Additionally, there is a need to facilitate the access of information and psychology kind of treatments that is entirely concurrent in monitoring potential harm. Any person who has not been confused would fail to understand this situation. These reforms led to the achievement of desired health, social and educational results. The newer generation of health practitioners has embraced the element of clinical anxiety and depressions that exist outside. References Copeland, W. E., Wolke, D., Shanahan, L., Costello, E. J. (2015). Adult functional outcomes of common childhood psychiatric problems: a prospective, longitudinal study. JAMA psychiatry, 72(9), 892-899. DAvanzato, C., Zimmerman, M. (2017). The Diagnosis and Assessment of Mood Disorders. The Oxford Handbook of Mood Disorders, 95. Dowrick, C., Frances, A. (2013). Medicalising unhappiness: new classification of depression risks more patients being put on drug treatment from which they will not benefit. BMJ, 347(7), f7140. Fisher, L., Hessler, D. M., Polonsky, W. H., Masharani, U., Peters, A. L., Blumer, I., Strycker, L. A. (2016). Prevalence of depression in Type 1 diabetes and the problem of over?diagnosis. Diabetic medicine, 33(11), 1590-1597. Kato, T., Sakai, N., Watanabe, Y., Nomura, S. (2017). A possibility of over?diagnosis of bipolar disorder due to near?infrared spectroscopy. Psychiatry and Clinicalnursing Neurosciences. Lawrence, R. E., Rasinski, K. A., Yoon, J. D., Curlin, F. A. (2015). Psychiatrists and primary care physicians beliefs about overtreatment of depression and anxiety. The Journal of nervous and mental disease, 203(2), 120-125. Lorenzo-Luaces, L. (2015). Heterogeneity in the prognosis of major depression: from the common cold to a highly debilitating and recurrent illness. Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences, 24(6), 466-472. Mojtabai, R. (2013). Clinician-identified depression in community settings: concordance with structured-interview diagnoses. Psychotherapy and psychosomatics, 82(3), 161-169. Morgan, T. A., Zimmerman, M. (2015). Is borderline personality disorder underdiagnosed and bipolar disorder overdiagnosed?. In Borderline personality and mood disorders (pp. 65-78). Springer New York. Nielsen, M. G., rnbl, E., Bech, P., Vestergaard, M., Christensen, K. S. (2017). The criterion validity of the web-based Major Depression Inventory when used on clinical suspicion of depression in primary care. Clinical epidemiology, 9, 355. Partridge, B., Lucke, J., Hall, W. (2014). Over-diagnosed and over-treated: a survey of Australian public attitudes towards the acceptability of drug treatment for depression and ADHD. BMC psychiatry, 14(1), 74. Reid, I., Cameron, I., MacGillivray, S. (2014). Increased prescription of antidepressants shows correction of inadequate duration of treatment of depression. BMJ, 348(27), g228. Rogers, W. A., Mintzker, Y. (2016). Getting clearer on overdiagnosis. Journal of evaluation in clinical practice, 22(4), 580-587. Stephenson, C. P., Karanges, E., McGregor, I. S. (2013). Trends in the utilisation of psychotropic medications in Australia from 2000 to 2011. Australian New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 47(1), 74-87. Trimmer, P. C., Higginson, A. D., Fawcett, T. W., McNamara, J. M., Houston, A. I. (2015). Adaptive learning can result in a failure to profit from good conditions: implications for understanding depression. Evolution, medicine, and public health, 2015(1), 123-135. Zimmerman, M. (2017). Diagnosing and treating depression: what you think you know might not be true. Mental Health Matters, 4(1), 6-8.

Music In Education Essays - Human Communication, Philosophy Of Music

Music In Education Music in education is essential to our children because it increases their listening skills and is a common method of communication for cultures worldwide. Music is Education There are schools attempting to eliminate teaching musical arts to our children. The board of education claims they must provide education by concentrating on the basic academic courses, but what they don't realize is that music is a major part of basic education. We must not allow them to pull the teaching of music out of our school curriculums because music is an essential form of communication. Our children do not have to be fluent in the arts to receive the value of broad exposure to the different musical dialogues. Deprivation of a very valuable part of education occurs if we do not teach them to appreciate a wide variety of music. Metaphorically speaking, we often associate the terms language and grammar with the term music. This association leads us to believe that music is a form of language, possibly because no symbol system other than language has the same potential as music of infinite productivity and precision. It takes a multitude of directions and phonetic-type symbolism to produce a pleasant sounding musical composition. This relates very closely to the requirements of everyday language. The primary objective of any spoken language is to convey a person's thoughts in a comprehensible fashion, but we must remember that everyone thinks and comprehends everything differently. Musical language contains vast quantities of words to help people understand how original composers intended to play a specific piece. Musical language also has directions that allow and encourage some scope of original interpretation and minor departures from the written score, resulting in no two performances sounding exactly alike. The English language, as we know it, carries a very strong parallel to these same interpretable words. Dialect and slang are just two of the many connotative forms to speak different languages. All languages contain these variations and reinforce the need for striving toward understanding a basically generic language. It would be very difficult to speak to a non-English speaking person and clearly convey a message unless both persons were familiar with basic terminology. It would be just as unlikely to communicate a musical message to someone not educated or interested in musical interpretation. The term music in itself has many different connotations. One in the United States may not have the same perceptions as one whose origin is France or Australia, or elsewhere in the world. In my travels through Europe and South America I had a hard time finding any truly original, locally produced music. The majority of the music I searched through were also popular in the United States. It was very easy to find foreigners singing an American song using their interpretation of our language. The entire world seems to be able to communicate with music and seems to understand it enough to share their own musical interpretation. Music is a language of it's own and depending on how we speak it, it too can accomplish a multitude of results. People are no more able to understand a foreign language without education than they are to understand the unspoken language of music without proper musical education. A single score of music interpreted with a few of many available musical directions can tell as many stories as there are variations. For example, playing Cristofori's Dream by David Lanz entirely lento-pianisimo (slow and very soft), creates a very peaceful and tranquil mood. Played again allegro-forte (lively, brisk, and loud), emits an uplifting feeling. Yet, by using both interpretations progressively and regressively within this identical musical score, one could feel depleted and elated in the same timeframe. This is perhaps the most ascribable reason to pursue a knowledge of musical semantics. Within music one expresses many emotions, speaks many languages, conveys complex messages, and ! tells many stories. Music can be a selfish form of conversation and it is not always necessary to have a recipient to convey a message. One has only to listen while playing music to communicate with themselves, yet most would suspect the stability of a person who attempted this scenario by simply talking and responding while alone. Music merges the physical aspects of harmony with a sublime and metaphysical effect creating an inner peace. Seldom will words alone be capable of accomplishing what just one musical composition can communicate when we teach our children to appreciate music. With all available forms of communication, one should never forget that

Copernicium or Ununbium Facts - Cn or Element 112

Copernicium or Ununbium Facts - Cn or Element 112 Copernicium or UnunbiumBasic Facts Atomic Number: 112 Symbol: Cn Atomic Weight: [277] Discovery: Hofmann, Ninov et al. GSI-Germany 1996 Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 Name Origin: Named for Nicolaus Copernicus, who proposed the heliocentric solar system. The discoverers of copernicum wanted the elements name to honor a famous scientist who did not get much recognition during his own liferime. Also, Hofmann and his team wished to honor the importance of nuclear chemistry to other scientific fields, such as astrophysics. Properties: The chemistry of copernicum is expected to be similar to that of the elements zinc, cadmium, and mercury. In contrast to the lighter elements, element 112 decays after a fraction of a thousandth of a second by emitting alpha particles to first become an isotope of element 110 with atomic mass 273, and then an isotope of hassium with atomic mass 269. The decay chain has been followed for three more alpha-decays to fermium. Sources: Element 112 was produced by fusing (melting together) a zinc atom with a lead atom. The zinc atom was accelerated to high energies by a heavy ion accelerator and directed onto a lead target. Element Classification: Transition Metal References: Los Alamos National Laboratory (2001), Crescent Chemical Company (2001), Langes Handbook of Chemistry (1952), CRC Handbook of Chemistry Physics (18th Ed.) Periodic Table of the Elements

The Hunger Games Book Series

The Hunger Games Book Series The Hunger Games Trilogy  is a particularly dark and gripping series of dystopian novels by Suzanne Collins, published by Scholastic Press. Overview The United States no longer exists. Instead, there is the nation of Panem, governed by a totalitarian government. The government keeps the residents of the 12 outlying districts intimidated with its strict rules and demonstrates its power over life and death with the annual Hunger Games. All of the residents of the 12 districts are required to watch the Hunger Games, the ultimate reality show, which is a life or death â€Å"game† involving two representatives from each district. The protagonist of The Hunger Games series is Katniss Everdeen, a 16-year-old girl who lives with her mother and her little sister. Katniss is very protective of her sensitive little sister, Prim, whom she loves very much. Katniss helps feed and support her family by hunting in areas designated off-limits by the government and bartering some of the meat on the black market. When her sister’s name is drawn as a contestant in the Hunger Games, Katniss volunteers to take her place, and things go from bad to worse. There are no easy answers as Katniss deals with the violent Hunger Games and the dramatic results. Things are not always straightforward, and Katniss has to deal with a multitude of ethical issues as she struggles to survive. Tension builds in each book of the series, leaving the reader eager to read the next book. The ending of the trilogy in no way ties everything up in a neat bow and makes it right, but it is an ending that will stay with the reader and continue to provoke thoughts and questions. Objections to The Hunger Games (Book One) According to the  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹Ã¢â‚¬â€¹American Library Association, The Hunger Games (Book One) is number 5 on the list of the ten most challenged books of 2010 (What’s a challenge?). The reasons given were â€Å"sexually explicit, unsuited to age group, and violence.† (Source: American Library Association) Like a great many other people, I was surprised at the â€Å"sexually explicit† challenge and don’t understand what the challenger was referring to. While there is indeed a lot of violence in The Hunger Games, it is inherent to the story rather than gratuitous violence and is used to make an anti-violence point. Recommended Ages The Hunger Games trilogy may or may not be appropriate for some teens, not as a matter of age group, but depending on their interests, maturity level, and sensitivity to violence (including death) and other tough issues. I would recommend it for mature teens 12 and older, as well as adults and think they will find the trilogy to be both thought-provoking and engrossing. Awards, Recognition   The Hunger Games, the first book in the Hunger Games trilogy, has won more than 20 state awards for teen books. It was on the American Library Associations Top Ten Best Books for Young Adults, Quick Picks for Reluctant Young Adult Readers and Amelia Bloomer Project lists for 2009 and was awarded a 2008 CYBIL Award - Fantasy/Science Fiction. Catching Fire (Hunger Games Trilogy, Book 2) is on the ALAs 2010 Best Books for Young Adults and won the 2010 Childrens Choice Book Award: Teen Choice Book of the Year and 2010 Indies Choice Award Winner, Young Adult. Books in the Hunger Games Series The Hunger Games  (Book 1, Hunger Games Trilogy).Hardcover, 384 pages (Scholastic Press, 2008. ISBN: 9780439023481)Catching Fire  (Book 2, Hunger Games Trilogy).Hardcover, 400 pages (Scholastic Press, 2009. ISBN: 9780439023498)Mockingjay  (Book 3 in the Hunger Games Trilogy).Hardcover, 400 pages (Scholastic Press, 2010. ISBN: 9780439023511) Available Formats: Hardcover, large print hardcover (Book One and Book Two only), paperback (Book One only), audiobook on CD, audio for download and eBook for various eReaders. The Hunger Games Trilogy is also available in a boxed set of hardbound editions (Scholastic Press, 2010. ISBN: 9780545265355) Categories: Adventure, fantasy and science fiction, dystopian novels, young adult (YA) fiction, teen books

Developing a conceptual framework is an impossible possibility Essay - 5

Developing a conceptual framework is an impossible possibility - Essay Example Further, it forms the basis for establishing which events should be accounted for and how the same should be released to the accountants (Macve 1987 p. 11). Despite the pertinence of the conceptual framework, there are challenges which are involved. This is so because it should and it is a concept that is developed to guide study and what is transpired or has transpired over a given period of time on certain things. Tentative theory explains a conceptual framework as a phenomenon which is subject of investigation. This theory enlighten the rest of your design, it helps in evaluating and also refining your targets, initiate realistic and important research issues. Further, it helps in selecting proper methods and recognizes probable validity perils to your conclusion. This theory also helps in proving your research. Conceptual framework can be described as the research problem. It therefore involves formulating research problem for purposes of initiation and designing of your study. The ideology behind this argument is that conceptual framework identifies something that is happening in the globe which is hard to analyse. As such therefore, the conceptual framework which you develop and deduce for consumption by the rest of the people should be justifiable so that people can be able to appreciate your work. This requires that the conceptual framework k should be backed with factual examples touching on the daily happenings in different institutions (Bhimani, 2005 p. 23). What we have discussed in the above statement does not mean that there exists clear and express report of the research problem. However, it is important that research structure should demonstrate impliedly or expressly some issue which are hypothetical in nature and also reveal which other information so required. To avoid misleading ideas on the issue of the conceptual framework, one

English Final Exam Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

English Final Exam Questions - Essay Example The loathing he has for the common people is evident when his English teacher comes to see the show at Carnegie Hall, where he is the usher, and he wonders, offended, what business she had there â€Å"among all these fine people and gay colors.† Somehow, for Paul, there is no redemption for common people. He is so self absorbed that he thinks that only people he idealizes are actually good people. He does not care whether his family loves him or are concerned about him, because to him they are not worthy of his attention as they do not come up to his standards of worthy people, so to speak. A classic narcissist, he does not care about anyone other than himself. When he is stealing money, he does not concern himself with who would have to pay it back, or whether anyone would come after his father – the thought does not even cross his mind. Similarly, when he discovers that his father ended up paying the money Paul had stolen and had now started to search for his son, he was concerned about himself: he did not want to go back as he still wanted to enjoy the pseudo life he was living. It seems as if he is always trying to impress those around him, trying to set himself apart from them. Whether it is by his insolence towards his teacher, or his flat out lying amongst his peers, it is clear that he does not want them to see him as one of their own. He does not want to belong to them – he looks down on them. Yet, this same feeling causes him to get depressed because he feels like a stranger in his own milieu. His suppressed sexuality has added to his depression and disenchantment with his real life and those around him. Although there is nothing overt, however, Paul does seem to have certain homosexual tendencies. Whether it is how he hangs around Charley Edwards of the stock company, or a hint about how badly his night out with a rich boy from Yale ends, or his repulsion at getting married, it seems as if Paul is secretly a homosexual, which cau ses him to further disenfranchise himself from the social scene he belongs to. It is precisely because he does not relate to those around him and cannot be part of those he wants that, rather than go back to lead a â€Å"normal† life, that he kills himself. Sonny Blues Sonny and his brother were born about seven years apart, which seem like a chasm to the latter. What is more, both brothers are quite different temperamentally as well. The elder brother seems to be more accepting of his circumstances, and does not try to escape them, but rather try to make his life within them. He left Harlem, and yet has taken residence in a project, with his wife and children. Moreover, after retiring from the army he has taken up a job as an algebra teacher – a solid, respectable sort of job by society’s standards. Sonny, on the other hands, seems to be rebelling against his circumstances. Whether it is drugs or his music, he seems to want to break free from Harlem both in bod y and in spirit. In music, he seems to have found his escape, and ironically, drugs play a part in that too, despite him wanting to leave Harlem to avoid becoming an addict. Musicians are never considered to be the â€Å"solid respectable type† in society, and what is more, Baldwin depicts how Sonny actually did not even have much idea about how to make a living by music. The young African-American men are up against the two â€Å"darknesses† according to Baldwin. The first being the reality of

Benefits of Learning in a Diverse Environment in Toronto Essay Example for Free

Benefits of Learning in a Diverse Environment in Toronto Essay Toronto,Canada has been one of the most multicultural cities in the world and has attracted thousands of immigrants and foreign students each year mostly from Asian and European countries (Toronto, 2007) Due to the popularity of the city to foreigners as well as the prestigious schools it has such as the University of Toronto and the York University, students from different parts of the world have been attracted to study in the city. Universities have been offering a diverse learning environment, offering curriculum, facilities, and learning resources including professors and instructors that address the needs of and accommodate the growing number of foreign students and immigrants in Toronto. A diverse learning environment offers various benefits to students regardless of culture and nationality. First, it introduces me to different cultures and race, making students like me become aware of various cultures and beliefs. Having the awareness of different cultures of people in Toronto can improve my interpersonal and communication skills. â€Å"Hanging around people of different culture develop the students ability to understand the ideas and feelings of others, which in later life makes them, more likely to live in racially diverse communities, maintain friendships with people of different races and able to function more effectively in an increasingly diverse workplace† (Haas, 1999). From this view, a diverse learning environment therefore can eliminate or reduce racism and racist attitudes towards the minority groups. It also can also prepare me to adapt to a diverse environment in case I have to work or migrate to other country particularly in Asian and European countries especially now that the level of globalisation is increasing. A diverse learning environment can also improve my ability of working in a team since in universities, there are particular activities that needed group efforts and diverse ideas that can result to a more comprehensive outcome, providing me various ideas that could have never been available if not because of my foreign classmates and friends and even professors. On the other hand, there are still some people who are not open-minded and are not interested in learning about other cultures due to their very racist attitudes. A diverse learning environment with students or professors like these people can negatively affect some foreign students and students from minority groups, making them feel discriminated and unwelcome to such learning environment that may lessen their interest in studying or acquainting with students of different nationalities. However, in Toronto, it seems not much of a problem because foreigners and immigrants have long been welcomed in the city. Reference: Haas, Mark (1999) Research shows diverse environment has educational benefits, retrieved on-line on February 13, 2007 http://www. umich. edu/~urecord/9899/Mar22_99/10. htm Toronto website retrieved on February 14, 2007 http://www. toronto. ca/quality_of_life/diversity. htm

Schools Must Reduce Their Use of Standard Tests Essay -- Argumentative

I’m sure you have felt personally victimized by the law of No Child Left Behind and some sort of state-mandated standardized testing. Growing up in Pennsylvania, we had the PSSA’s, 4 Sights, and Keystone Exams. They always had felt trivial, but they did serve some purpose as far as immediate impact to our school days. The use of standardized testing as a quantitative tool of measuring student’s performance took off in 2002 with the passing of the No Child Left Behind Act (â€Å"Standardized Tests,†2003). Standardized testing was part of the initiative to become the highest academically ranked country in the world, surpassing the current highest ranked country of China. The ultimate goal of NCLB was to ensure that all students score a â€Å"proficient† on the reading and math exams by the year 2014 (â€Å"Standardized Tests,† 2003). Obviously, this goal was proven unattainable: Ironically enough, our students’ math scores dropped our ranking from 18th in 2000, to 31st in 2009. A similar decline can also be seen in the science exam scores (â€Å"Standardized Tests,† 2003). It’s blatantly obvious that the theory of NCLB testing has many flaws and needs to be revisited. There is entirely too much emphasis on Standardized testing instead of promotion of personal and academic growth. No room for conversation, research, or deliberation is open for exam questions because of the need to â€Å"move onto the next question.† (Brevetti, 2003). It is also wrong that a student who struggles in high school has to worry about their ability to graduate because of being punished for not scoring a â€Å"proficient† on the PSSA’s. Standardized testing causes unwanted stress on students at increasingly younger ages (â€Å"Standardized Tests,† 2003). Yes, NCLB is incredibly outdat... ...s on a pedestal. In China, there is a huge emphasis on the arts. They enjoy being tutored. They are passionate about learning. I believe the mismatch of culture and values in our society is what makes us the 31st smartest nation in the country. I believe that America has the capacity to be the smartest country in the world. We just need a shift in societal perspective to be able to shed the model of education we have known our entire lives, and be open to experimentation with more effective ways of education. Works Cited Brevetti, Vincent. â€Å"Standardized Testing.† The New York Times. The New York Times, 04 Nov. 2003. Web. 05 Feb. 2015. â€Å"Standardized Tests – ProCon.org.† ProConorg Headlines. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Feb. 2015. Strauss, Valerie. â€Å"China’s 10 New and Surprising School Reform Rules.† Washington Post. The Washington Post, n.d. Web. 04 Feb. 2015.

Life or death †whose decision is it anyway?

The courses of actions that were taken shall be justified through the use of Immanuel Kant’s categorical imperative. The categorical imperative provides that one ought to, â€Å"[a]ct only on that maxim through which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law.† There are however two formulations of the categorical imperative. The above-mentioned is the first one and the second is â€Å"[a]ct in such a way that you always treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any another, never simply as a means but always at the same time as an end.†Scenario 1The primary issue at hand is whether or not it was ethical for the doctors in George Washington Hospital to insist that her baby be allowed to live despite Angela’s, her physicians’ and her family’s objections; especially when it was found that in the end, the surgery was a contributing cause to Angela’s death. Thus, the primary issue here is wheth er or not abortion would have been ethical given the situation. What is the best course of action to take given the situation?But even before proceeding, what exactly is the situation? The situation is the fact that Angela is faced with cancer and she has only a few days to live. Her physicians and her family wanted to preserve her life as much as they could. In addition, the surgery (cesarean section), which while gives the baby 50 to 60% chance to survive, endangers Angela’s life and withers the last few days that she has left, not to mention the fact that .   Furthermore, they estimated that there was a less than 20 percent chance that the child would be disabled.   The physicians also testified that the surgery would increase the chances of Angela Carter’s death.The best course of action taken was the course taken by the doctors in George Washington Hospital to insist that her baby be allowed to live despite Angela’s, her physicians’ and her famil y’s objections.. Thus, given the situation it would not have been ethical to abort the baby. This decision can be justified using Immanuel Kant’s categorical imperative.The categorical imperative can be explained simply through the discussion on duties. Basically if a course of action or decision is one’s duty, then it can be willed to become a universal law. If on the other hand, a course of action is not part of one’s duty then it cannot be said to become a universal law.Given the situation above, it is the duty of Angela’s doctors to uphold the value of life. In fact as doctors, it is part of their Hippocratic Oath â€Å"[t]o practice and prescribe to the best of my ability for the good of my patients, and to try to avoid harming them† and â€Å"[n]ever to do deliberate harm to anyone for anyone else’s interest.† However, it becomes complicated as they, in a way have to choose between Angela’s and her baby’s li fe. As it is their duty to protect their patients’ lives, they are now confronted with a scenario that they have to inevitably choose one of their patients’ lives. Thus, the question is can the doctors continue performing their duties without aborting the baby? Are there alternatives?Subjected to the first formulation of the categorical imperative, the action not to abort and keep the child may be regarded as a universal law and may be imposed upon any other individual who finds himself/ herself in such a situation.They may do without abortion as the same is in compliance with their duty to preserve life because there are other means by which they may still comply with their duty to Angela to protect and safeguard her life. One of these is by making sure that she is given the best possible attention during the surgery. It must be noted that Angela’s is bound to live for only a few days, no matter what the doctors do.The course of action is further affirmed and c larified as it is subjected to the second formulation. From such maxim arises the duty that human life must be protected and safeguarded because it must not be treated just as a means but always at the same time as an end.Ideally, the best course of action is to try all means possible and necessary to safeguard both Angela and her baby’s life. However, it must be noted that Angela’s life is already on the losing end and no matter what the doctors do, she was bound to die sooner rather than later. Thus, aborting the baby is but a means to making sure that Angela will live albeit for a few a days; with this fact, such course of action does not pass the second formulation of the categorical imperative. The life of the baby must be treated not just as a means but also as an end.Thus, in this case the doctors of George Washington Hospital undertook to perform the best course of action given the situation as at the end of the day, life or death is not a decision that any per son can make. For that matter, no one person can ever make that decision for someone else.Scenario 4The primary issue in this scenario was whether or not it would be ethical for the Dr. Wendy Smith to inform Jack’s father that he will die unless he gets a liver transplant.The issue arises from the fact that Jack believes that his father’s situation will worsen once the gravity of his predicament is made known to him. On the other hand, Dr. Wendy Smith believes by his sworn duty to inform the patient of what he is up against.In this situation there is a clash of duties between the duty of Jack to his father, as a son and the duty of the doctor to Jack’s father as his doctor. It is the duty of Jack to do everything in his power to make sure that the best interests of his father is upheld and taken care of. On the other hand, in addition to the above-mentioned duties of a doctor â€Å"[t]o practice and prescribe to the best of my ability for the good of my patient s, and to try to avoid harming them† and â€Å"[n]ever to do deliberate harm to anyone for anyone else’s interest,† it is also their duty â€Å"[t]o keep the good of the patient as the highest priority.†We shall now find out the resolve of the conflicting duties by subjecting them to the two formulations of the categorical imperative.With respect to Jack’s duty, it is true that the upholding the best interests of one’s parent can be willed that it should become a universal law. In addition, by upholding the best interests of one’s parent, one acts in such a way that he/she treats humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any another, never simply as a means but always at the same time as an end.With respect to Dr. Wendy Smith’s duties â€Å"[t]o practice and prescribe to the best of my ability for the good of my patients, and to try to avoid harming them,† â€Å"[n]ever to do deliberate harm to anyone for anyone else’s interest,† and â€Å"[t]o keep the good of the patient as the highest priority.† The same can be willed that they can become universal laws and the same are also means by which humanity is treated not just as a means but also as an end.Thus, as both were subjected to the categorical imperative and both passed the formulations, what then? It can be noted that Jack’s duty is to make sure that the best interests of his father are upheld, but how does Jack know what his best interests are? Is concealing the truth to him of his best interest? Thus, we subject this to the categorical imperative.Concealing the truth cannot be willed to become a universal law. If the same were to be allowed to become universal law then all concealments of truth in all situations not related to the situation at hand will be justified. The same is inconsistent to upholding the virtue of truth. At the same time, concealing the truth is actually a method by which one is treated as a means and not as end. This is so as concealment provides a myopic view – it is a mere means for the people around Jack’s father to avoid the issue of his impending demise for themselves rather than making sure that Jack’s father is apprised of his situation and is prepared for the worst possible ending of his situation.Thus, the best course of action to take is the action backed up by Dr. Wendy Smith’s duty as a doctor to inform the patient of his predicament no matter how grave said situation is.

Immigration Restriction Act Essay

Immigration restriction act- 1901 The Immigration Restriction Act (1901) can be argued was a policy enacted to reflect the prejudices in Australian society at the time. The Immigration Restriction Act consisted of the Australian Parliament limiting immigration to Australia, which came to be known as The White Australia Policy. The White Australia Policy consists of various historical laws that favour immigration to Australia from Britain but strongly discourage non-whites or people who are not of British descent. At the turn of the Century Australia was still a relatively new country. It’s population was 4 million, somewhat small, compared to other world populations. At the time the general public consensus was that Australia should be a white country and allowing indiscriminate immigration could threaten its identity. The White Australia Policy had overwhelming support from Australia’s white population, so it could be argued that its introduction was merely a reflection of the public’s ideals at the time. This is reflected by historian Myra Willard: â€Å"†¦no motive power, operated more universally on this continent, or in the beautiful island of Tasmania†¦ than the desire that we should be one people, and remain one people, without the admixture of other races.† Myra Willard, ‘History of the White Australia Policy to 1920’. Melbourne University Press, 1923. p 119 It is clear that white Australians were passionate about preserving a white Australia. Undoubtedly the Federal Government was under a great deal of public pressure to conform. By analysing the reasoning behind the Policy it was more than just an attempt to preserve white culture. As the Parliamentary debates at the time convey, there was an argument that the white race was superior and non-whites were deemed inferior. The Prime Minister at the time Edmund Barton delivers this message to Parliament. â€Å"We are guarding the last part of the world in which the higher races can live and increase freely for the higher civilisation. I place before the house a measure of definite and high policy.† Although the White Australia Policy did have overwhelming support within Parliament and the public there were some who opposed the new policy. Some objections were made on moral grounds citing that the Laws were brutal and offensive. â€Å"I have already admitted that it is our duty to restrict the immigration of Asiatics†¦ I cannot bring myself in the face of appeals like that, and in the face of the knowledge I have of India and Asia generally, to do anything in the insulting and brutal  way proposed by the Bill†¦.† Commonwealth Parliamentary Debates’, November 13, 1901. p 7158 Opposition was also met with from Britain, which many Australian parliamentarians were concerned about. The British Government had warned against an outright ban based on race and colour. The Immigration Restriction Act would be contrary to the British principle of equality and would deeply offend their Indian subjects and their Japanese allies. Despite Britain’s clear objections many were still prepared to support the Bill even if it meant breaking ties with Britain. This is clearly expressed by William Morris Hugh es: â€Å"We want a White Australia and are we to be denied it because we shall offend the Japanese or embarrass His Majesty’s ministers? I think not†¦ If we are to go on making things smooth for His Majesty’s Government- if our first and only desire is to shape a policy to suit our own ends, then we know where we are. We have come, it appears to me, to the parting of ways.† William Morris Hughes, ‘Commonwealth Parliamentary Debates’ September 12, 1901. p 4825 Prior to 1901, immigration was controlled by the colonies. During the gold rush in the 1850’s many migrants came to Australia from around the world and wanted to settle there. While the majority were from Britain, 60,000 came from Continental Europe, 42,000 from China, 10,000 from the United States and just over 5,000 from New Zealand and the South Pacific. By the time of Federation the total population was close to four million of whom one in four were born overseas. The Australian colony was soon shifting to a population of different migrants. This left Australians introduce policies that would control migration. The Australian colonies were particularly concerned with the amount of Chinese migrants and the conflicts that had arisen between the Chinese and white Australians settler. Prior to 1901 the Colonial States gathered to discuss ways of prohibiting Chinese migration and other migrants. Thus when Australian Federation was formed, the Immigration Restriction Act was introduced as solution to the problem the colonial states had been facing. As a result the number of Chinese migrants decreased instantly. At face value the Immigration Restriction Act was arguably racist and exclusionary. However in early 19th Century Australia it was widely viewed as a necessity. Australia was still a new country with a relatively small population. It was viewed worldwide as a land of prosperity and became popular for many to migrate there and seek their fortune. Had not the Federal Government implemented laws to regulate  immigration Australia could have potentially lost its identity as a predominately White Nation. The Immigration Restriction Act appealed to people’s fears and the need for self preservation, and at the time this argument was fairly plausible. In each and every avenue of life we find the competition of the coloured races insidiously creeping in, and if we are to maintain the standard of living we think necessary, in order that our people may be brought up with a degree of comfort, and with scholastic advantages which will conduce to the improvement and general advancement of the nation, some pause must be made in regard to the extension of the competition of the coloured aliens generally. (Member of parliament 1901). This quote clearly states that the majority of Parliament felt strongly about protecting Australia’s white identity. This was done in the face of opposition from Britain and the likelihood of upsetting other countries like Japan. It was a bold step but the majority of Australians were determined. . The White Australia Policy was an important chapter in Australian history. It had its benefits and limitations. It affected not just Australia but many people around the world. It was something that many coun tries were against and is very different to what Australia’s immigration policy is today. BIBLIOGRAPHY Immigration Restriction Act 1901 – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immigration_Restriction_Act_1901 USED ON: April 14th The Establishment Of The Immigration Restriction Act – ABC http://www.abc.net.au/federation/fedstory/ep2/ep2_events.htm USED ON: April 26th White Australia: Immigration Restriction Act 1901, Australia to 1914 http://www.skwirk.com.au/p-c_s-14_u-127_t-350_c-1213/history-of-racist-attitudes-and-fear/nsw/history/australia-to-1914/white-australia-immigration-restriction-act-1901 Copyright  © 2013 Red Apple Education Ltd. All rights reserved. USED ON: April 14th White Australia policy – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Summary of Dell Computer

Summary of Dell Computer Free Online Research Papers Dell Computer is a leader in the e-commerce computer hardware market. It is an established brand that leads personal computer manufacturers in U.S. sales and overall online sales. Its trademark method of selling products to customers, corporate and individual consumers, emanates from the Dell Direct model, a Web-enabled infrastructure that allows customers to customize their PCs and order other products they need or desire. This virtual integration structure eliminates the need to manufacture everything, and instead uses the power of the Internet to share and exchange information with suppliers and vendors to build a truly superior supply chain that keeps inventory turnover low and costs to a minimum (Harrington, 2002). Constantly changing technology directly impacts Dell’s success. The primary method Dell uses in order to achieve and sustain their competitive advantage is a unique, direct to customer business model (Dell, 2007). The Internet is Dell’s key success factor which results in lower costs to customers than other retailers because customers tell Dell exactly what they want and Dell creates products for the consumer without experiencing wasteful resources in production (Breen, 2004). Dell’s supply chain works as follows. After a customer places an order, either by phone or through the Internet, Dell processes the order, which takes two to three days, after which it sends the order to one of its manufacturing plants in Austin, Texas. These plants can build, test, and package the product in about eight hours (Kapuscinski et al, 2004). The general rule for production is first in, first out, and Dell typically plans to ship all orders no later than five days after receipt. Since many of Dell’s suppliers are located in Southeast Asia, Dell has significantly less time to respond to customers than it takes to transport components from its suppliers to its assembly plants. To compensate for this, Dell requires its suppliers to keep inventory on hand in the Austin plant, referred to as revolvers (for â€Å"revolving† inventory). Revolvers or Supplier logistics Centers (SLCs) are small warehouses located within a few miles of Dell’s assembly plants. Each revolver is shared by several suppliers (Breen, 2004). The inventory in Dell’s revolvers is not owned by Dell. It is owned by suppliers and charged to Dell indirectly through component pricing (Kapuscinski et al, 2004). However, the cost of maintaining inventory in the supply chain is included in the final prices of the computers. Therefore, any reduction in inventory benefits Dell’s customers directly by reducing product prices. Low inventories also lead to higher product quality, because Dell detects any quality problems more quickly than it would with high inventories (Pizinger, 2004). Dell wishes to stay ahead of competitors who adopt a direct-sales approach, and it must be able to reduce supplier inventory to gain significant leverage. Although arguably supply-chain costs include all costs incurred from raw parts to final assembly, Dell concentrates on Dell-specific inventory (that is, parts designed to Dell’s specifications or stored in Dell specific locations, such as its revolvers and assembly plants). Because assembly plants hold inventories for only a few hours, Dell’s primary target, in this project, was the inventory in revolvers (Kapuscinski et al, 2004). Dell holds inventory only for the six to eight hours it travels across the assembly line and for the 18 hours it takes for the completed CPU to be trucked to a merge center in Reno, Nevada, where the unit is bundled with a monitor and shipped to the customer (Harrington, 2002). Dell also works the other end of the supply chain the customer to eliminate the evil of inventory. Essentially, its replacing inventory with information. The company keeps a massive database that tracks the purchasing patterns and budget cycles of its corporate customers, and predicts upgrade purchases by individual repeat consumers, which enables it to forecast demand with about 75% accuracy (Kapuscinski et al, 2004). Three times a day, Dell updates its demand forecast for key suppliers on its extranet portal. When Dell misses a forecast which it does from 5% to 25% of the time and finds itself running out of, say, 15-inch flat screens, it runs a one-week special for 17-inch screens. Its direct-to-the-customer model allows it to shift demand to match what its suppliers can deliver. Supply-chain experts call this demand shaping, and Dell has mastered this competitive weapon, too. But while such tactics have helped Dell to almost eliminate inventory from its balance sheet, its sup pliers cannot claim to have done the same (Solis, 2001). Dell’s supply chain management success can be summed up in one idea. â€Å"Supply chain management shortens the cycle between the component, the manufacturer and the end customer. We are allowing them to almost touch each other, (E-commerce)† according to Michael Chong, e-business Technology Manager of Dell Computer Corporation. Supply chain management is the effective and efficient movement of materials from suppliers, through a company and into products, which eventually is received by consumers (Dell, 2007). References Breen, Bill. (2004). Living in Dell Time. Fast Company. Retrieved November 3, 2007 from fastcompany.com/magazine/88/dell.html. Dell.com. (2007) Supplier Principles: Supply Chain Management System. Retrieved November 4, 2007 from dell.com/content/topics/global.aspx/corp/sup_prince/en/supply?c=usl=ens=corp Harrington, L. (2002). Industry Week. Retrieved November 3, 2007. The Accelerated Value Chain: Supply chain management just got smarter, faster and more cost-effective, thanks to a groundbreaking alliance between Intel and i2 technologies. Kapuscinski, R., Zhang, R., Carbonneau,P., Moore, R., Reeves, B. (2004) INFORMS – Interfaces Inventory Decisions in Dell’s Supply Chain – Vol. 34 No.3 May-June 2004. Retrieved November 5, 2007 from tmi.umich.edu/dell.pdf. Pizinger, Michael (2004). Retrieved November 3, 2007, Extending DELL’s Direct Model to Product Development via Supplier Collaboration Tools, The Management Roundtable. Solis, Adriano O. (2001). SOME SUCCESS STORIES IN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT. Retrieved November 3, 2007 from http://utminers.utep.edu/solis/NAPM%20- %20El%20Paso/Criterion%20Articles/Academic%20Advisor%27s%20Corner%20may% 202001.doc Research Papers on Summary of Dell ComputerBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfOpen Architechture a white paperMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaThe Project Managment Office SystemDefinition of Export QuotasGenetic EngineeringNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceTwilight of the UAW

Invention and History of the Colt Revolver

Invention and History of the Colt Revolver Samuel Colt invented the first revolver, a gun named after its inventor Colt, and after its revolving cylinder revolver. In 1836, Samuel Colt was granted a U.S. patent for the Colt revolver, which was equipped with a revolving cylinder containing five or six bullets and an innovative cocking device. The History of the Colt Revolver Before the Colt revolver, only one and two-barrel flintlock pistols had been invented for handheld use. Colt revolvers were all based on cap-and-ball technology until the Smith and Wesson license on the bored-through cylinder (bought from Rollin White) expired around 1869. According to www.midwestgunshows.com: Horace Smith Daniel Wesson formed their second partnership (SW) in 1856 for the development and manufacture of a revolver chambered for a self-contained metallic cartridge. During this development period, while researching existing patents, it was found that a Rollin White had patented a bored through cylinder for a paper cartridge sometime earlier. A licensing agreement was arranged between Smith and Wesson and Rollin White. In 1855, Rollin White patented the bored-through cylinder. According to www.armchairgunshow.com: The Rollin White patent covered the right to make a revolver cylinder bored-through end to end - an obvious requirement for an effective cartridge revolver. This fact didnt slow down some firms, who proceeded to make the highly popular cartridge style revolvers. Some used their own designs, and some just produced outright copies of the Smith and Wesson pattern. Smith and Wesson pursued redress in court, resulting in several US makers being required to mark Made for SW or words to that effect on their revolvers.

Ford vs Detroit Electric Car Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ford vs Detroit Electric Car - Case Study Example While Detroit Electric Company capitalizes on its technological innovations as its core competitive advantage in the market, the development of an electric car by Ford still remains near, yet so far a realization. Since 1966, according to Flint the Forbes magazine editor, Ford has been stressing on the plan to develop a viable electric car in 5 to 10 years. By 2009, Ford believed that this dream could be realized by 2010, but it still remains a plan. The failure to meet these plans has been dampened by the advanced innovations and technology In Detroit Electric, who announced laid down plans to start large sale manufacturing and selling of electric cars in the first quarter of 2010, with these sales expected to hit 270,000 vehicles by 2012. The lithium battery technology is the latest development towards realization of this goal (Brown, 2012). Q1. The organization structure used in Detroit Electric cars is the decentralized organizational structure that leads to differentiation in pr oducts and specialization. Rather than produce their vehicles, Detroit Electronics outsource their vehicles from specialized manufactures; their work being to impart the finished vehicles with finishes that identify the company (LaMonica, 2009). Detroit has therefore assumed the structure of a virtual corporation where engines are manufactured and fitted by Proton in Malaysia, while the company just modifies the cars to distinguish the style and to offer an identity to these vehicles. Outsourcing to specialized manufactures, and settling on finishing and aesthetic work ensures specialization, and the company does not have to meet the cost required in producing these vehicles. Q2. The differing organization structure is to blame for Ford’s inability to produce an electric vehicle, when Detroit Electric has been able to make true its dream of an electric vehicle within four years of its founding. Contract manufacturing in Detroit ensures the company does not have to mind about the required technological facilities to meet this goal, as these costs are passed on to the contractor, Proton in this case (Lamonica, 2009). Instead of concentrating in designing and making the facilities to produce these vehicles, Detroit Electric has to concentrate on enhanced research and development strategies to improve its technological advancement in vehicle manufacturing. This is portrayed by the launching of lithium battery, and the rapid response to produce these electric cars. On the other hand, Ford has to set aside massive budgets to modify and advance their plants before launching any electric car manufacturing program. For example, Ford has set aside $ 450 million in Michigan as part of the company’s aggressive plan in advancing an electric vehicle program (Media Ford, 2011). Ford has been delaying these plans due to economic crisis and stiff competition, which has eaten into the company’s profitability. The company felt stinging effects as in the 2008 global economic meltdown. This has been well observed in the case of the SUV models that marked about 55% of total sales before the crisis. These sales declined sharply resulting to decreased profitability (Richard & Henry, 2003). Specialization has been the strength behind Detroit Electric success. Q. 3 Cooperation of international companies is largely affected by economic dynamics in the market. For example, the Euro crisis may

GPS and Fuction on the field on construction Term Paper

GPS and Fuction on the field on construction - Term Paper Example A global positioning system (GPS) receiver ensures that scrapers and graders are able to identify accurate courses with minimum reference to in ground markers. The field of view of the operator is built with light bars that give a signal of a proper angular view of the blades while the machine is in motion. The video display gives a proper cut view of the job site. The operators use a computer screen to keep track of the positions of their blades. The advantages of this include; accuracy, speed, improved productivity and a result which is of high quality. GPS ensures that the foremen and supervisors do not rest stakes but instead monitor work, cycle time and haul routes. Later on in the evening, the GPS-equipped vehicles are moved to where they are supposed to send progress data to the head office. The actual progress can then be checked and compared to the original schedule by the estimators. The automatic heavy equipments such as scrapers for instance use the GRS technology. GPS antenna is mounted on the scrapers bowl which enables the operator to differentiate the site plan and the depth cut. The earthmoving operations are safer because minimal time is taken on the work and few people take part. Road graders for instance have steel blade beneath the vehicle that are adjustable thus allowing the operator to control the angle and height of the blade when in operation. Graders that are equipped with GPS enables operators to control area they grade and where do not. The technology enables the operator to work on specified lengths instead of estimating the area to grade. Its blade is designed to grade a flat surface for the road construction, and it also levels surface of uneven ground, its blade can also be used to create ditches beside roads and drainage paths. This is done by the grader lowering the blades to the set height, and it pushes off the dirt until the road is

How, if at all, can development organisations overcome the gendered Essay

How, if at all, can development organisations overcome the gendered limits of the rule of law paradigm such as those identified by Katerina Pistor et al - Essay Example There should be no discrimination in application of existent laws to individuals based on their status in the society2. From this theory, even government officials and government institutions are subject to the legislation in a country. Status in society is not a basis for exemption from the law. The concept of the rule of law concept is said to have its origin from Greek and Roman roots. In its development, it survived as inchoate during the medieval period. The concept of the rule of law was viewed as a product of western political and legal thought. In its development, the rule of law evolved to have certain characteristics. Among the characteristics said to constitute the rule of law is that of formal legality. Formal legality basically entails that a law has to be public, prospective, stable and generally applicable through a fair judicial process3. A law has to be promulgated publicly in the society. It should reasonably be of common knowledge to the members of the society. A policy that has been given the force of law by the required institutions of the government should be made public. The newly enacted law should be promulgated publicly to enable it to come to the knowledge of citizens of a particular country or state. The rule of law also requires that a law should be prospective in nature. Prospective means that a law should not seek to punish or penalize acts done before it came into being. A law that is promulgated as required by the legal institutions in place becomes active from the day that it is promulgated4. Therefore, it only penalizes and punishes acts done from the date that it is promulgated. It follows that no man can be prosecuted for a non- existent offence or an offence that is not provided for by law. On this premise therefore it is required that a law should be prospective in nature. Another principle in the rule of law is that a law should be stable. Stability of the

Constitutional and administrative laws

Constitutional and administrative laws Constitutional and administrative laws are collectively termed as public law. Public law has a direct impact on each individuals. For example during the passage of a new legislation piece or when an individuals civil rights are abused, the public law gives the legal structure within which the administration functions and the government operates. The laws play a very vital role in regulating the governments structure and its administration in reference to its nationals. It also defines the responsibilities of government workers and the intergovernmental relations. This presents it as a very vital component in the day to day running of the government. Constitutional law entails the study, interpretation, practice and administration of laws which are set by the constitution of a country. The sections contained in constitutional law sets out specific provisions which provides for civil and human rights as well as government entities. It is part of the consumer law which deals with issues relating to producers and consumers in the business world. Issues relating to discrimination and diversity are also underpinned in these laws. In the United States, the constitution acts as the foundation of all constitutional laws. Basically, constitutional laws deal with any legal issue revolving around constitutional rights or their violation. All cases involving constitutional law are dealt with by the Supreme Court of the United States. These cases may involve violation of the constitution or the need to amend or change the existing constitutional law in cases where they seem to conflict with the view of the nation. Judicial review is also a ve ry important subject in constitutional law where the state has to continually review the action of the legislative and executive branches. Administrative law on the other hand incorporates numerous areas of law. These include government agencies regulations and procedures, administrative rules, agency authoritys scope, agencies enforcement power and individual privacy. Basically, administrative law covers laws and legal doctrines which govern the regulation and administration of government bodies and agencies. These may include both state and federal. The Congress delegates power to these agencies prompting them to act as agents. These agencies are formed to protect the interests of the public rather than to protect private rights. The actions of a government agency ma include adjudication, rule making or implementing a particular regulatory agenda. One of the purposes of constitutional law is to ensure that each and every individual living within the borders of the country is protected. This is ensured by the section of the laws which uphold individuals civil rights. These rights are found in definite provisions in the constitution on which the constitutional law is founded. The provisions protect an individuals right from being interfered with by the state and the federal governments. In the constitution the first 8 amendments basically protects the basic civil rights of an individual. A good example is the 1st amendment which protects free speech, assembly and press fundamental rights. Other amendments just add to the scope of protection granted to an individual in regards to his basic rights. Another good example is 14th Amendment which bars a state from violating the immunities and rights of an individual without due process of law. The fair criminal justice system is also advocated for in the Fifth Amendment where it guara ntees a grand jury. The other purpose of constitutional law is protection of individuals property. Constitutional laws also very vital I ensuring that power is not concentrated I one arm. This is ensured through the doctrine of separation of powers which is part of the constitutional laws. According to this doctrine, power is divided among three arms; these are executive, legislature and judicial. The executive is responsible for implementing laws which are made by the legislature. The judiciary plays the all important role of interpreting the law. In this line of thinking, constitutional laws plays a vital role in preventing absolutism which characterizes dictatorship and monarchies. The laws are also very important in ensuring that the individuals rights are protected and checking the use of power. They also ensure that the rule of law prevails in the country by ensuring that individuals live without fear of losing their life arbitrarily or even losing their property. The constitutional laws are very significant because they instill confidence among the people in believing that their representatives will not abuse power. Most importantly, constitutional laws are a major check to laws which officials elected can impose. Administrative law on the other hand has a different approach compared to constitutional law. This is because they do not often relate to everyday life. Administrative law is mainly concerned with ensuring that there is fairness in the public decision making. The decisions must be guided by administrative discretion. This emerges as an advantage to both the government and its citizens. To the government, its status quo will be raised and it will also be able to perpetuate itself. Besides regulating relationship between the state and the citizen, administrative law also enables one of the governments arms to challenge another on the issues of legality of its actions (Stott). The law acts as a weapon used by power holders to ensure that every center of power does not exceed the legal limits of the warranted authority. By virtue of dealing with agencies, the laws made are diverse and dealing with equally diverse issues like workplace safety, environmental protection and environmental protection. Regulatory perspectives also fall in this docket of the law. The administrative laws also make decisions which affect vital aspects of an individuals life like deportation and decisions on healthcare coverage. These decisions are made by federal agencies. Fundamentally, administrative law affects an individual in real life. Its the law which determines how a government functions (good administration). The functioning of the government in this case may involve provision of certain public goods or services. The law plays a very vital role in controlling public utilities, banking, insurance, industry, finance, health and morals, finance, the professions and the response of the government to the whims of the modern society. This has addressed issues like service delivery, the role of technology, research, and economic, social economic and administrative factors. This may require the government to create an agency as stipulated by administrative law. However, it may opt to charter a non profit organization to provide such goods or services instead of creating an agency. This is considering the fact that government institutions cant be considered as government agencies. An administrative action may also be taken through a judicial review to ensure that public decision makers act within the jurisdiction of the law. Administrative law is very significant in addressing legal disputes especially those considered minor by the Supreme Court. Typical disputes involving issues like environmental protection, day to day business operations, administrative and corporate social responsibility, and policy rule and regulation are dealt with at the agency level. This is because they are equipped to deal with every day details of governing. A good example is an issue on environmental protection where a court may lack the needed expertise to decide the exact equipment needed in coal plants to avoid air pollution. However, administrative agencies are better suited to address such an issue amicably. This is because the agencies created via administrative law are able to obtain sufficient details of regulation and they also have the ability to develop expertise in a particular section requiring regulation. This also creates time for the higher courts to deal with other matters prompting attention at that level. One of the limitations of constitutional and administrative laws is their pluralistic conception. This has always put them under heavy criticism from varying directions. Consequently, there is a need for non-delegation doctrine revival to ensure great specifity in articulation the congressional standards. Administrative law is also limited I terms of scope especially because the administrative authorities are inferior to the bodies given the mandate to interpret and execute such laws. This means that administrative law has constitutional limitation.

The Problems with Our Justice System :: Argumentative Persuasive Topics

The Problems with Our Justice System    The present system of justice in this country is too slow and far too lenient. Too often the punishment given to criminal offenders does not fit the crime committed. It is time to stop dragging out justice and sentencing and dragging our feet in dispensing quick and just due. All punishment should be administered in public. It is time to revert back to the "court square hanging" style of justice. This justice would lessen crime because it would prove to criminals that harsh justice would be administered.    Murder should be punished in a manner similar to the way it was committed. A man convicted of a cold-blooded shooting murder such as a drive-by shooting should go before a firing squad. Each man in that firing squad would fire one at a time so the convicted would not know when the angel of death would come for him. A man convicted of strangulation murder should be hung at high noon. A man convicted of a beating death should be slowly beaten until death comes. A Jeffery Dahmer style murderer should suffer dismemberment and decapitation.    Second time offenders of sex crimes such as rape should be castrated and emasculated slowly with a dull, rusty knife. The criminal should be revived every time he passes out from pain. This heinous crime deserves this much at the very least. After all, this person has violated another person and taken something away, a trust that can never be fully restored. The victims of these crimes never fully trust again.    Offenses such as robbery, drug dealing, vandalism and DUI should be dealt with according to the number of crimes committed. Robbers and thieves should lose fingers, joint by joint. Multiple offenders should lose their hands. Drug dealers should be put to death by overdose of the drugs they peddled. Vandals should be dealt with in the same manner as in Singapore, caning. Multiple offenders should be beaten to death. Multiple offenders of the DUI laws should be killed by alcohol poisoning except in the case of vehicular homicide in which the offender should be put to good use... as a crash test dummy.    In all crimes the accused should have his crime tattooed of the top of his right hand.

Animals Are Better in Zoos

Imagine a powerful tiger drooling through the savanna lands trying to sneak up and attack it’s unsuspecting pray. Tigers are known to be ruthless kings of the wild, but have you ever asked yourself if tigers are better off in captivity or if they are better off in the wild? In other words keeping tigers in zoos is a form of animal cruelty. Animal cruelty can be defined as physical abuse, mental abuse and the quality or condition of being cruel. Over the years many controversial issues have emerged, â€Å"In the wild, tigers live for approximately 14 to 18 years, while in captivity they can live over 19 years†(Satchell).Yes it might be true but tigers in zoos are affected by extreme boredom, lack of appropriate exercise and poor quality of food. In zoos, not only are tigers fed processes meat, â€Å"often still frozen† that is loaded with many preservatives. This is done according to zoos, because its both easy to store and easy to feed. This procedure not only do es it hurt the tigers digestive system but also lacks nutrition and its effectiveness. In zoos tigers are treated like prisoners locked up in cages that only measure in square feet.For example, tigers in the wild typically spend ten hours of the day hunting and â€Å"†¦ monitoring their territory†(San Diego Zoo). However they are unable to perform these activities in zoos and are forced to replace there typical physical activity by pacing through their cages in order to release their energy. As Mckenna from BBC news would say, â€Å"Zoos send the message that it’s acceptable to maintain wild animals in captivity, and this contributes to animal cruelty at roadside zoos and circuses†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Satchell)Those who support animal rights believe and understand that the harm caused by zoos outweighs the benefits that the facilities may provide. For example, tigers in zoos are anesthetized annually, their teeth are checked, blood is drawn from them and x-rays are take n. â€Å"This procedure may sound like a good practice†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (PETA), but anesthesia is really bad on â€Å"exotic cats†. In zoos â€Å" the big attraction is baby tigers so tigers are bred to death†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (PETA) but if the tiger is not allowed to breed then they put them on birth controls that cause cancer over the years.According to PETA zoo babies are great but what happens when babies grow up? According to PETA, zoos often sell or put tigers to sleep who no longer attract visitors, and those who are sold become laboratories for experiments. Ultimately animals and visitors are the ones who pay the price when we have zoos. One perfect example, is Tatiana the Siberian tiger who escaped her substandard enclosure at the San Francisco Zoo in 2007 and was shot to death after she killed one person and injured two others.A PETA investigation of numerous zoos across the country also revealed that tigers in zoos â€Å"Spend much of their time pacing walking in tight c ircle swaying or rolling their heads and showing other sighs of psychological distress†(PETA) Yes tigers and animals suffer more than neglect and stress in zoos. Yes protecting species from extinction sounds good but zoos officials usually favor exotic or popular animals like tigers and lions who draw more crowds and neglect less popular species.In other word zoos claim to educate people and preserve species but they frequently falls short. In reality there is no evidence that zoos are the most effective place for animals such as tiger to be in and yes all zoos can be compared to all. So next time you see a tiger locked up in a zoo think of animal cruelty because you would not like to be locked up in a prison. In other words zoos teach people that it is acceptable to keep animals in captivity, bored, cramped, lonely and far from their natural homes.